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polaris-task-force/DEPLOYMENT.md

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Deployment — Coolify

This document covers deploying the Polaris Task Force to Coolify (self-hosted PaaS). The app is built as a single Docker image (multi-stage, Bun + Node) and deployed once per environment, each backed by its own Coolify-managed PostgreSQL service.

Local full-stack dev with the same image shape is described at the end (docker compose up).

1. Architecture at a glance

                  Coolify cluster
                  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
                  │                                                          │
   dev env        │  ┌────────────┐   ┌─────────────┐                        │
  (polaris-dev)   │  │ App svc    │ ← │ Postgres    │ (Coolify-managed,      │
                  │  │ (Docker-   │   │ svc         │  per-env)              │
                  │  │  file)     │   │ + volume    │                        │
                  │  │  + media   │   └─────────────┘                        │
                  │  │   volume   │                                          │
                  │  └─────┬──────┘                                         │
                  │        │ scheduled jobs (docker exec → bun run payload)  │
                  └────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                           │
                            \________ builds pushed on git push (webhook)
  • One image, parameterized by env vars per environment. No image bake per env required.
  • PostgreSQL is provisioned by Coolify as a separate service in each environment (dev, stg, prd). The app talks to it via DATABASE_URI injected by Coolify.
  • Payload uploads (media/ collection) are written to a Coolify Persistent Storage Volume mounted at /app/media in the app container, so uploads survive container restarts, rollbacks, and rebuilds.
  • Scheduled one-shot jobs (game-tick, market-tick) run via docker exec Coolify Scheduled Tasks against the running app container — same image, same env, no second service required.
  • The Discord bot is NOT deployed today (src/bot/ is planned but not started). The image still contains the source for future use; no bot service is wired in this guide.

⚠️ Single-instance only. The realtime SSE pipeline (gameTick → /api/game-tick/notify → in-process bus → SSE /api/realtime → client router.refresh()) uses an in-memory subscriber bus (src/lib/realtime/bus.ts) that is not shared across processes. Coolify must run exactly 1 replica of the app container per environment for SSE to work. If you scale the app horizontally, SSE stops working (live shipment/event log updates silently fail). Everything else continues to work; you'll need a distributed bus before you can scale. See src/lib/realtime/bus.ts and AGENTS.md for context.

2. Prerequisites in Coolify

  1. A working Coolify instance (you said yours is at https://coolify.onyxsimple.com).
  2. A destination server registered with Coolify (Docker engine reachable).
  3. This repo reachable by Coolify (Git source — GitHub/GitLab/etc.) so it can build on push. A manual image-build flow is also fine if you prefer.
  4. A Postgres-compatible SMTP relay if you want password-reset email (the app already supports Brevo; otherwise leave the EMAIL_* env vars blank).

3. Provisioning a per-environment PostgreSQL service

For each environment (dev, stg, prd):

  1. In Coolify, create (or open) the Project that represents the environment (e.g. Polaris → dev).
  2. New Resource → Database → PostgreSQL.
  3. Pick a sensible DB name, user, password. Coolify creates the database, exposes the connection string, and injects POSTGRES_* env vars into the same project automatically.
  4. Note the Connection String Coolify generates (e.g. postgres://ptf_app:<password>@<coolify-internal-host>:5432/ptf-app-dev). You'll wire this into the app service next.

Backups, version upgrades, and per-env resource limits are all handled by Coolify on this service — that's the whole point of hosting the DB individually.

4. Creating the app service (per environment)

  1. Inside the same Coolify Project, New Resource → Service / Application → From a Dockerfile (or "From a Git repository" and point at the repo root — Coolify will detect Dockerfile).
  2. Configure the build:
    • Port: 3000 (already EXPOSE'd).
    • Health Check Path: /api/health — Coolify will hit this to decide "healthy". The Docker HEALTHCHECK directive does the same thing inside the container.
    • Build Pack: Dockerfile.
    • Don't use the docker-compose.yml for the production app service — that file is for local dev (it bundles its own Postgres). Coolify manages the Postgres service for you.
  3. Set the environment variables (Section 5).
  4. Attach a Persistent Storage entry mapping /app/media (read/write). This is where Payload stores uploaded media. The directory is created and chowned inside the image; just mount the volume on top.
  5. Deploy. First build will take a few minutes (Bun install + Next.js standalone build, --max-old-space-size=8000 — make sure the build host has ≥ 4 GB free RAM, ideally 8).

Build args you may want to override

The Dockerfile pins bun@1.3.11 and node:22-alpine. If you want to bump either without editing the Dockerfile, Coolify doesn't pass build args by default — just edit the Dockerfile lines (RUN npm install -g bun@<version> and FROM node:<tag>-alpine).

5. Environment variables (per environment)

Var Required Example / Notes
DATABASE_URI ✅ Coolify auto-injects this from the per-env Postgres service if linked. Format: postgres://<user>:<pwd>@<host>:5432/<db>
PAYLOAD_SECRET ✅ Random 32+ chars. openssl rand -hex 16. Unique per environment.
APP_URL ✅ Public base URL for this environment, e.g. https://dev.ptf.example.com
GAME_TICK_NOTIFY_SECRET ✅ Shared secret for /api/game-tick/notify. Must match the value used by your scheduled job (Sec. 6).
EMAIL_FROM_ADDRESS — Outbound email "from" address (e.g. arma@onyxsimple.com)
EMAIL_FROM_NAME — Display name (e.g. Arma)
EMAIL_HOST — SMTP host (e.g. smtp-relay.brevo.com)
EMAIL_PORT — 587
EMAIL_USERNAME — SMTP user
EMAIL_PASSWORD — SMTP password / API key

Never copy the dev PAYLOAD_SECRET into prod. Never copy GAME_TICK_NOTIFY_SECRET. Generate fresh per environment.

6. Scheduled jobs (game-tick, market-tick)

The game-tick and market-tick Payload bins are registered on payload.config.ts and expected to run on a regular cadence (cron). In Coolify:

Option A — Coolify Scheduled Tasks (recommended)

Coolify has a Scheduled Tasks feature per service (<service> → Scheduled Tasks → Add). Each scheduled task runs a command inside the running service container — equivalent to docker exec. Add:

Job Schedule (cron) Command
Process shipments */5 * * * * (every 5 min, tune to match gameTickIntervalMinutes in your Game Rules global) bun run payload game-tick
Refresh market */10 * * * * (every 10 min — adjust as needed) bun run payload market-tick

The commands run inside the app container with the app's env (incl. DATABASE_URI, APP_URL, GAME_TICK_NOTIFY_SECRET), so the bins talk to the same DB and post the notify callback correctly.

Option B — external cron calling docker exec over SSH

If you prefer existing infra:

*/5 * * * *   ssh -i /path/to/key root@coolify-host \
                docker exec polaris-task-force-app-<env> bun run payload game-tick
*/10 * * * *  ssh -i /path/to/key root@coolify-host \
                docker exec polaris-task-force-app-<env> bun run payload market-tick

The container name comes from Coolify's per-service container name (visible on the service dashboard).

Confirming a tick ran

Each tick:

  • Updates Shipments rows in DB (status, fuel, arrival).
  • POSTs to /api/game-tick/notify (internal SSE bus push → clients router.refresh()). If no connected clients, this just 204s.
  • Emits GameEventLog entries you'll see in the Payload admin → Game Event Logs.

7. Running migrations after a schema change

If you add a new collection / field and create a new Payload migration under src/migrations/, run it once after deploying the new image:

docker exec <container-name> bun run payload migrate

Coolify Scheduled Tasks support ad-hoc runs of the same command — fire it manually, watch the logs, then commit. Never run drizzle-kit (bun run db migrate) in prod; bun run db push fails on this DB because of the PostGIS spatial_ref_sys ownership issue (see AGENTS.md Gotchas). Use Payload's migration runner exclusively.

For dev (where push: true in payload.config.ts), starting the dev server auto-applies schema changes — that's intentional and fine for dev databases.

8. Persistent media volume — important for rollbacks

Payload's Media collection (src/collections/Media.ts) uses upload: true with no storage adapter, so files land on local disk under <projectRoot>/media (i.e. /app/media inside the container, since WORKDIR /app and process.cwd() = /app).

In Coolify:

  1. On the app service → Persistent Storage → Add Path.
  2. Host path or named volume → mapped to /app/media in the container.
  3. Coolify preserves this volume across deploys, including rollbacks.

Without this, every redeploy wipes user uploads.

Note on the local-disk default: this works fine for a self-hosted single-instance deployment, but it does not scale beyond one replica (same caveat as the SSE bus). If you outgrow the single-instance architecture (more replicas, multi-host), switch to an S3-compatible storage adapter — add it to payload.config.ts under plugins (the project already has a // storage-adapter-placeholder hook for this) and drop the /app/media volume.

9. Health checks

  • Container HEALTHCHECK (inside the Dockerfile): every 30 s, wget http://127.0.0.1:3000/api/health. 3 consecutive failures → unhealthy.
  • Coolify itself should also probe GET /api/health (configure the service Health Check Path to /api/health). Coolify will route traffic only to "healthy" containers, so it doubles as your readiness gate after deployment.
  • The health endpoint is deliberately DB-free — a transient database outage never marks the container unhealthy, so Coolify won't force a useless restart cycle while the Postgres service is bumping.

Response shape:

{ "ok": true, "uptime": 1243, "version": "0.1.6", "commit": "a1b2c3d", "buildTime": "2026-08-12T20:30:00.000Z" }

10. Deploy flow (git push → live)

Recommended flow:

  1. Bump version locally: bun pm version patch (or your own flow). Edit package.json#version and push the commit.
  2. Push to your environment's branch (e.g. main → prod, staging → stg, develop → dev), or whatever branch Coolify watches.
  3. Coolify's webhook fires, builds the image, and rolls the container.
  4. Coolify waits for /api/health to come back 200, then routes traffic.
  5. If a new migration shipped with that deploy, run it via docker exec or a Scheduled Task (Sec. 7).

No SSH, no rsync, no systemctl. The legacy build/deploy.sh (gitignored, the old SSH+systemd flow to jmf-usrv-2404) is no longer used — exclude it from future deploys. bun run deploy (the npm script) will still try to run it (it calls postversion → bash ./build/deploy.sh); don't run it from your local machine anymore, or remove that script entry from package.json once you've moved onto Coolify for good.

11. Rollbacks

Coolify supports two rollout modes:

  1. Automatic rollback on failed health: if the new container never becomes healthy (3 failed /api/health probes within the start_period), Coolify keeps the old container running and doesn't route traffic to the new one. Brings you back to the previous working version with no action.
  2. Manual rollback: in the service dashboard,/files history → pick a previous image tag → "Rollback". This redeploys that exact image with the existing /app/media volume intact (because the volume is mounted, not tied to the image).

Rollbacks do not roll the database schema. If a deploy includes a non-reversible migration that has already run, rolling back the image but keeping the DB can break the older image's assumptions. Mitigations:

  • Only ship additive migrations (don't drop columns in the same deploy that removes their consumer code — drop them in a follow-up deploy instead).
  • For destructive changes, take a Coolify DB snapshot first.

12. Local full-stack dev with docker compose

For developers who want the production image shape locally (no Coolify required):

cp .env.example .env
# Edit at minimum PAYLOAD_SECRET, GAME_TICK_NOTIFY_SECRET.
docker compose up --build

This boots:

  • postgres — Postgres 17 alpine, persisted to the pgdata named volume.
  • app — the production Dockerfile image, talking to the bundled Postgres via DATABASE_URI rewritten by compose from POSTGRES_USER/_PASSWORD/_DB.

App on http://localhost:3000, Postgres on localhost:5432.

Useful commands:

docker compose up --build              # rebuild + boot
docker compose down                    # stop
docker compose down -v                 # stop + wipe the Postgres volume
docker compose exec app bun run payload game-tick    # fire a tick manually
docker compose exec app bun run payload migrate      # apply migrations
docker compose exec app sh             # shell inside the app container

src/app/(frontend)/layout.tsx gates on auth — first deploy is a clean DB; you'll need to seed an admin user. The existing seed scripts under src/tools/seed/ run via bun, e.g. docker compose exec app bun run src/tools/seed/<file>.ts (refer to those files for the intended entry point).

13. Quick troubleshooting

Symptom Likely cause Fix
Container restart loops, never healthy DB connection unreachable Verify DATABASE_URI resolves from inside the container (docker compose exec app wget -qO- $DATABASE_URI:5432 or nc -zv ...). Coolify: confirm the Postgres and app services are in the same Project so Coolify's network reaches it.
401 loop after deploy PAYLOAD_SECRET changed without rotating user sessions Keep PAYLOAD_SECRET constant across deploys of the same env. If you must rotate, users will need to re-log in (cookies are JWT-signed against this secret).
Realtime updates stopped working More than 1 replica running, OR scheduled tick stopped Limit replicas to 1. Check the scheduled tasks in Coolify are firing and GameEventLogs show fresh gameTick events.
First build OOMs Host has < 8 GB RAM during Next build The bun run build script sets --max-old-space-size=8000. Give the Coolify build host at least 8 GB, or lower this in package.json#scripts.build (memory will become the limiter earlier).
bun run db push fails PostGIS error This is expected (must be owner of table spatial_ref_sys) Use bun run payload migrate only. See AGENTS.md Gotchas.

Last updated: 2026-08-12. Verify against the live repo if anything looks stale.