diff --git a/src/lib/market/index.ts b/src/lib/market/index.ts
index 0614397..71bb9e4 100644
--- a/src/lib/market/index.ts
+++ b/src/lib/market/index.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
   getMainCurrencyId,
   getTreasuryAccountId,
 } from "@/lib/banking";
+import { preflightLockerCredit } from "@/lib/operations/settlementFit";
 
 export { getTreasuryAccountId } from "@/lib/banking";
 
@@ -299,6 +300,21 @@ export async function buyListing(
     if (treasuryId) sellerAccountId = treasuryId;
   }
 
+  // Preflight: verify the buyer's locker has room BEFORE moving money so a
+  // full locker can never leave the buyer paid with no items. This mirrors
+  // the real credit path in `creditLockerQuantity` (merge-then-place); the
+  // writer re-runs its own check, so a passing preflight cannot partially
+  // apply. Reuses the settlement-layer pure preflight so the two stay in sync.
+  const buyerLocker = await ensureLockerStorage(payload, buyer.id as number);
+  const buyerLockerFull = (await payload.findByID({
+    collection: "locker-storages",
+    id: buyerLocker.id,
+    depth: 1,
+    overrideAccess: true,
+  })) as unknown as LockerStorage;
+  const grid = await getLockerGridDimensions(payload);
+  preflightLockerCredit(buyerLockerFull, grid, [{ assetId: asset.id, quantity, asset }]);
+
   const transaction = await applyTransaction(payload, {
     type: "payment",
     fromAccountId: buyerAccount.id,
@@ -308,7 +324,31 @@ export async function buyListing(
     actorId: buyer.id as number,
   });
 
-  await creditLockerQuantity(payload, buyer.id as number, asset.id, quantity);
+  try {
+    await creditLockerQuantity(payload, buyer.id as number, asset.id, quantity);
+  } catch (error) {
+    // Compensating refund: the payment moved but the locker credit failed
+    // (e.g. a concurrent deposit filled the locker between the preflight and
+    // the credit). Reverse the payment so the buyer is never left paid with
+    // no items; a refund failure is logged and the original error rethrown.
+    try {
+      await applyTransaction(payload, {
+        type: "adjustment",
+        fromAccountId: sellerAccountId,
+        toAccountId: buyerAccount.id,
+        amount: total,
+        memo: `Refund: purchase TXN ${transaction.id} failed to credit locker`,
+        actorId: buyer.id as number,
+      });
+    } catch (refundError) {
+      payload.logger.error(
+        `[Market] CRITICAL: purchase ${transaction.id} credit failed AND refund failed; manual reconciliation required: ${
+          refundError instanceof Error ? refundError.message : "unknown"
+        }`,
+      );
+    }
+    throw error instanceof Error ? error : new Error("Locker credit failed after payment.");
+  }
 
   const remaining = stock - quantity;
   const updated = (await payload.update({
diff --git a/src/lib/operations/economy.ts b/src/lib/operations/economy.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7243850
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/operations/economy.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+/**
+ * Operation economy-effect adapter - Payload interaction.
+ *
+ * Consumes APPLIED operation effects and adjusts the abstract supply/demand
+ * ledger (`market-state`) exactly once per effect. Mirrors the settlement
+ * dispatcher's fresh-re-read + terminal-guard shape so a replay applies
+ * nothing twice, and records the applied/rejected deltas on the effect row as
+ * reconciliation evidence.
+ *
+ * Only market-state docs that already exist are touched; items without a ledger
+ * are recorded as provenance-eligible only (never auto-marketable).
+ */
+
+import type { Payload } from "payload";
+import type { OperationEffect } from "@/payload-types";
+
+import { findByIdOrNull } from "./settlementResolve";
+import {
+  clampEconomyCaps,
+  computeEconomyDelta,
+  DEFAULT_ECONOMY_CAPS,
+  EconomyEffectCaps,
+  EconomyPlan,
+  EconomyRecord,
+  hasEconomyProcessed,
+  appendEconomyNote,
+  MarketDeltaSummary,
+  ProvenanceItem,
+  ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX,
+} from "./economyConfig";
+
+type PayloadType = Awaited<ReturnType<typeof import("payload").getPayload>>;
+
+interface MarketStateRow {
+  id: number;
+  currentSupply: number;
+}
+
+async function findMarketStateRow(
+  payload: PayloadType,
+  itemType: "resource" | "asset",
+  itemId: number,
+): Promise<MarketStateRow | null> {
+  const docs = await payload.find({
+    collection: "market-state",
+    where: {
+      and: [{ itemType: { equals: itemType } }, { itemId: { equals: itemId } }],
+    },
+    limit: 1,
+    depth: 0,
+    overrideAccess: true,
+  });
+  const doc = docs.docs[0] as { id: number; currentSupply: number } | undefined;
+  if (!doc) return null;
+  return { id: doc.id, currentSupply: doc.currentSupply ?? 0 };
+}
+
+async function applyEconomyDelta(
+  payload: PayloadType,
+  plan: EconomyPlan,
+  caps: EconomyEffectCaps,
+): Promise<{ applied: MarketDeltaSummary[]; rejected: MarketDeltaSummary[]; provenance: ProvenanceItem[] }> {
+  const applied: MarketDeltaSummary[] = [];
+  const rejected: MarketDeltaSummary[] = [];
+  const provenance: ProvenanceItem[] = [...plan.provenance];
+
+  for (const delta of plan.deltas) {
+    const row = await findMarketStateRow(payload, delta.itemType, delta.itemId);
+    if (!row) {
+      // No market-state ledger for this item: provenance-eligible only.
+      // Never create a doc or listing (extraction loot is not auto-marketable).
+      provenance.push({ itemType: delta.itemType, itemId: delta.itemId });
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const magnitude = Math.abs(delta.supply);
+    const cap = delta.supply > 0 ? caps.faucetCapPerItem : caps.drainCapPerItem;
+    let appliedSupply = delta.supply;
+    let rejectedAmount = 0;
+    if (magnitude > cap) {
+      appliedSupply = delta.supply > 0 ? cap : -cap;
+      rejectedAmount = magnitude - cap;
+    }
+
+    await payload.update({
+      collection: "market-state",
+      id: row.id,
+      data: { currentSupply: Math.max(0, row.currentSupply + appliedSupply) },
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    });
+
+    if (appliedSupply !== 0) applied.push({ ...delta, supply: appliedSupply });
+    if (rejectedAmount > 0) {
+      rejected.push({ itemType: delta.itemType, itemId: delta.itemId, supply: rejectedAmount });
+    }
+  }
+
+  return { applied, rejected, provenance };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Apply one effect's market impact. Never throws: a recoverable failure is
+ * recorded on the effect row as reconciliation evidence (the effect status is
+ * left for settlement) so the ledger write path stays unbreakable.
+ */
+export async function applyEconomyEffect(
+  payload: PayloadType,
+  effectId: number,
+  caps?: Partial<EconomyEffectCaps>,
+): Promise<OperationEffect | null> {
+  const effect = (await findByIdOrNull(payload, "operation-effects", effectId)) as
+    | OperationEffect
+    | null;
+  if (!effect) return null;
+
+  // Only effects settlement has applied are eligible; pending/failed/reversed
+  // rows are never reprocessed.
+  if (effect.status !== "applied") return effect;
+
+  // Idempotency: the economy changes market state exactly once per effect.
+  if (hasEconomyProcessed(effect.reconciliationNotes)) return effect;
+
+  try {
+    const plan = computeEconomyDelta(effect);
+    // Nothing for the economy to touch: leave the effect for other consumers.
+    if (plan.deltas.length === 0 && plan.provenance.length === 0) return effect;
+
+    const resolvedCaps = clampEconomyCaps(caps);
+    const { applied, rejected, provenance } = await applyEconomyDelta(payload, plan, resolvedCaps);
+
+    return (await payload.update({
+      collection: "operation-effects",
+      id: effect.id,
+      data: {
+        reconciliationNotes: appendEconomyNote(effect.reconciliationNotes, {
+          operationId: effect.operationId,
+          effectKey: effect.effectKey,
+          effectType: effect.effectType,
+          applied,
+          rejected,
+          provenance,
+        }),
+      },
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    })) as unknown as OperationEffect;
+  } catch (error) {
+    const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : "unknown error";
+    payload.logger.error(`[Operations] Economy effect ${effect.effectKey} failed: ${message}`);
+    return (await payload.update({
+      collection: "operation-effects",
+      id: effect.id,
+      data: {
+        reconciliationNotes: appendEconomyNote(effect.reconciliationNotes, {
+          operationId: effect.operationId,
+          effectKey: effect.effectKey,
+          effectType: effect.effectType,
+          applied: [],
+          rejected: [],
+          provenance: [],
+          error: message,
+        }),
+      },
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    })) as unknown as OperationEffect;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Apply the economy impact of every not-yet-processed applied effect for an
+ * operation. Returns the number of effects that had economy impact. Skips
+ * pending/failed/reversed rows and effects already marked by the economy.
+ */
+export async function applyEconomyEffectsForOperation(
+  payload: PayloadType,
+  operationId: string,
+  caps?: Partial<EconomyEffectCaps>,
+): Promise<number> {
+  const resolvedCaps = clampEconomyCaps(caps);
+  const found = await payload.find({
+    collection: "operation-effects",
+    where: {
+      and: [{ operationId: { equals: operationId } }, { status: { equals: "applied" } }],
+    },
+    limit: 200,
+    depth: 0,
+    overrideAccess: true,
+  });
+
+  let processed = 0;
+  for (const doc of found.docs as OperationEffect[]) {
+    if (doc.reconciliationNotes?.includes(ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX)) continue;
+    const plan = computeEconomyDelta({ effectType: doc.effectType, payload: doc.payload });
+    if (plan.deltas.length === 0 && plan.provenance.length === 0) continue;
+    await applyEconomyEffect(payload, doc.id, resolvedCaps);
+    processed += 1;
+  }
+  return processed;
+}
+
+export { DEFAULT_ECONOMY_CAPS };
diff --git a/src/lib/operations/economyConfig.ts b/src/lib/operations/economyConfig.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d20e81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/operations/economyConfig.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/**
+ * Operation economy-effect adapter - configuration and pure delta logic.
+ *
+ * Consumes APPLIED operation effects and adjusts the abstract supply/demand
+ * ledger (`market-state`) exactly once per effect. This is a PURE module
+ * (no Payload imports) so the delta rules and caps are unit-testable without
+ * a database and importable anywhere.
+ *
+ * Supply model: a logistics extraction deposits goods that flow into the
+ * market ledger as available supply (a faucet); death/loss removes goods from
+ * circulation (a drain). Player extraction credits the extractor's locker, not
+ * the market, so those goods are recorded as provenance-eligible only.
+ *
+ * Provenance guard: the adapter records provenance eligibility, it never flips
+ * an asset's `tradeable`/`isLive` flags and never creates listings, so
+ * extraction loot is never auto-marketable. Vendor `minPrice` floors are never
+ * surfaced in any output.
+ */
+
+import {
+  parseExtractionPayload,
+  parseInventoryLossPayload,
+  parseLogisticsLine,
+  parsePlayerLine,
+} from "./settlementParse";
+
+export type EconomyItemType = "resource" | "asset";
+
+/** A net supply change to one item's market-state ledger. */
+export interface MarketDelta {
+  itemType: EconomyItemType;
+  itemId: number;
+  /** Positive = faucet (supply in), negative = drain (supply out). */
+  supply: number;
+}
+
+/** An item that is provenance-eligible for the market but has no ledger write. */
+export interface ProvenanceItem {
+  itemType: EconomyItemType;
+  itemId: number;
+}
+
+/** The market impact of one operation effect. */
+export interface EconomyPlan {
+  deltas: MarketDelta[];
+  provenance: ProvenanceItem[];
+}
+
+/** A single applied or rejected supply movement, recorded as reconciliation evidence. */
+export interface MarketDeltaSummary {
+  itemType: EconomyItemType;
+  itemId: number;
+  supply: number;
+}
+
+/** The economy record stored on the effect row after processing. */
+export interface EconomyRecord {
+  operationId: string;
+  effectKey: string;
+  effectType: string;
+  applied: MarketDeltaSummary[];
+  rejected: MarketDeltaSummary[];
+  provenance: ProvenanceItem[];
+  /** Populated only when applying the delta failed; the effect status is left for settlement. */
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Faucet/drain caps: the largest single effect may move one item's supply by.
+ * Excess is rejected (not applied) and recorded as reconciliation evidence so
+ * a runaway extraction or loss cannot flood or hollow out the market ledger.
+ */
+export interface EconomyEffectCaps {
+  faucetCapPerItem: number;
+  drainCapPerItem: number;
+}
+
+export const DEFAULT_ECONOMY_CAPS: EconomyEffectCaps = {
+  faucetCapPerItem: 1000,
+  drainCapPerItem: 1000,
+};
+
+/** Coerce partial/invalid/absent cap overrides into valid non-negative caps. */
+export function clampEconomyCaps(caps?: Partial<EconomyEffectCaps>): EconomyEffectCaps {
+  const toCap = (value: number | null | undefined, fallback: number): number =>
+    typeof value === "number" && Number.isFinite(value) && value >= 0 ? value : fallback;
+  return {
+    faucetCapPerItem: toCap(caps?.faucetCapPerItem, DEFAULT_ECONOMY_CAPS.faucetCapPerItem),
+    drainCapPerItem: toCap(caps?.drainCapPerItem, DEFAULT_ECONOMY_CAPS.drainCapPerItem),
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Marker written onto an effect's `reconciliationNotes` once the economy has
+ * processed it. Preserves the settlement-layer note (written first) by
+ * appending after it; idempotency is detected by the marker's presence.
+ */
+export const ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX = "economy:";
+
+export function hasEconomyProcessed(notes: string | null | undefined): boolean {
+  return typeof notes === "string" && notes.includes(ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX);
+}
+
+/** Append the economy record to any existing reconciliation note. */
+export function appendEconomyNote(existing: string | null | undefined, record: EconomyRecord): string {
+  const prefix = typeof existing === "string" && existing ? `${existing}\n` : "";
+  return `${prefix}${ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX}${JSON.stringify(record)}`;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compute one effect's market impact. Untrusted effect payloads are parsed
+ * exactly once here; anything the parsers reject yields an empty plan (the
+ * adapter records nothing and the effect carries no market delta).
+ */
+export function computeEconomyDelta(effect: {
+  effectType: string;
+  payload?: unknown;
+}): EconomyPlan {
+  switch (effect.effectType) {
+    case "operation.extraction-recorded":
+      return extractionDelta(effect.payload);
+    case "operation.inventory-recorded":
+      return lossDelta(effect.payload);
+    default:
+      return { deltas: [], provenance: [] };
+  }
+}
+
+function extractionDelta(raw: unknown): EconomyPlan {
+  const parsed = parseExtractionPayload(raw);
+  if (!parsed.ok) return { deltas: [], provenance: [] };
+  const ext = parsed.value;
+  if (!ext.kind) return { deltas: [], provenance: [] };
+
+  if (ext.kind === "logistics") {
+    // Extracted goods flow into the market ledger as available supply.
+    const deltas: MarketDelta[] = [];
+    for (const rawLine of ext.items ?? []) {
+      const line = parseLogisticsLine(rawLine);
+      if (!line.ok) continue;
+      deltas.push({ itemType: "resource", itemId: line.value.resourceId, supply: line.value.amount });
+    }
+    return { deltas, provenance: [] };
+  }
+
+  // Player extraction credits the extractor's locker, not the market. The
+  // goods are provenance-eligible (the player may list them later) but are
+  // never auto-marketable here.
+  const provenance: ProvenanceItem[] = [];
+  for (const rawLine of ext.items ?? []) {
+    const line = parsePlayerLine(rawLine);
+    if (!line.ok) continue;
+    provenance.push({ itemType: "asset", itemId: line.value.assetId });
+  }
+  return { deltas: [], provenance };
+}
+
+function lossDelta(raw: unknown): EconomyPlan {
+  const parsed = parseInventoryLossPayload(raw);
+  if (!parsed.ok) return { deltas: [], provenance: [] };
+  const loss = parsed.value;
+  if (!loss.reason) return { deltas: [], provenance: [] };
+  // Lost goods leave circulation: a drain on the market ledger.
+  const deltas: MarketDelta[] = [];
+  for (const rawLine of loss.items ?? []) {
+    const line = parsePlayerLine(rawLine);
+    if (!line.ok) continue;
+    deltas.push({ itemType: "asset", itemId: line.value.assetId, supply: -line.value.quantity });
+  }
+  return { deltas, provenance: [] };
+}
diff --git a/tests/int/operation-economy.int.spec.ts b/tests/int/operation-economy.int.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5aa4776
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/int/operation-economy.int.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,667 @@
+import { getPayload, Payload } from "payload";
+import config from "@/payload.config";
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { applyEconomyEffect, DEFAULT_ECONOMY_CAPS } from "@/lib/operations/economy";
+import { ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX, type EconomyRecord } from "@/lib/operations/economyConfig";
+import { resetMarketStateDocs } from "@/lib/economy/consumption";
+import { applyTransaction, ensurePersonalAccount } from "@/lib/banking";
+import { ensureLockerStorage } from "@/lib/locker";
+import type { Asset, GameStructure, LockerStorage, MarketListing, Structure } from "@/payload-types";
+
+let payload: Payload;
+const RUN = `econ-${Date.now().toString(36)}`;
+
+const LEXICAL_EMPTY = {
+  root: {
+    children: [{ text: "" }],
+    direction: null,
+    format: "" as const,
+    indent: 0,
+    type: "text",
+    version: 1,
+  },
+};
+
+interface EconomyNote {
+  applied: { itemType: string; itemId: number; supply: number }[];
+  rejected: { itemType: string; itemId: number; supply: number }[];
+  provenance: { itemType: string; itemId: number }[];
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+function economyRecordFrom(effect: { reconciliationNotes: string | null }): EconomyRecord | null {
+  const notes = effect.reconciliationNotes ?? "";
+  const line = notes.split("\n").find((l) => l.startsWith(ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX));
+  if (!line) return null;
+  return JSON.parse(line.slice(ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX.length)) as EconomyRecord;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Fixture tracking for cleanup
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const syncEventIds: number[] = [];
+const opEventIds: number[] = [];
+const opEffectIds: number[] = [];
+const userIds: number[] = [];
+const accountIds: number[] = [];
+const gameStructureIds: number[] = [];
+const blueprintIds: number[] = [];
+const resourceIds: number[] = [];
+const assetIds: number[] = [];
+const marketStateIds: number[] = [];
+const listingIds: number[] = [];
+const lockerIds: number[] = [];
+let serverId: number;
+let mapId: number;
+let actorId: number;
+let sellerId: number;
+let buyerId: number;
+let resourceAlphaId: number;
+let resourceBetaId: number;
+let tradeableAssetId: number;
+let fillerAssetId: number;
+let hqId: number;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Helpers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+async function supplyOf(itemType: "resource" | "asset", itemId: number): Promise<number | null> {
+  const docs = await payload.find({
+    collection: "market-state",
+    where: { and: [{ itemType: { equals: itemType } }, { itemId: { equals: itemId } }] },
+    limit: 1,
+    depth: 0,
+    overrideAccess: true,
+  });
+  if (docs.docs.length === 0) return null;
+  return (docs.docs[0] as { currentSupply: number }).currentSupply;
+}
+
+async function makeMarketState(itemType: "resource" | "asset", itemId: number): Promise<number> {
+  const existing = await payload.find({
+    collection: "market-state",
+    where: { and: [{ itemType: { equals: itemType } }, { itemId: { equals: itemId } }] },
+    limit: 1,
+    depth: 0,
+    overrideAccess: true,
+  });
+  if (existing.docs.length > 0) return existing.docs[0].id;
+  const doc = await payload.create({
+    collection: "market-state",
+    data: {
+      itemType,
+      itemId,
+      gmBaselineSupply: 100,
+      gmBaselineDemand: 50,
+      currentSupply: 100,
+      artificialDemand: 50,
+      realDemand: 0,
+      priceModifier: 1,
+    },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  marketStateIds.push(doc.id);
+  return doc.id;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Full hook chain: creating the raw sync event runs the afterChange hook,
+ * which validates it into an operation-event, derives the pending effect, and
+ * applies settlement. Returns the applied effect.
+ */
+async function hookExtraction(
+  label: string,
+  payloadManifest: Record<string, unknown>,
+): Promise<{ effectId: number; eventId: string }> {
+  const sync = await payload.create({
+    collection: "arma-sync-events",
+    data: {
+      eventId: `${RUN}-${label}`,
+      server: serverId,
+      type: "operation.extraction",
+      occurredAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+      payload: { operationId: RUN, version: 1, ...payloadManifest },
+    },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  syncEventIds.push(sync.id);
+
+  const events = await payload.find({
+    collection: "operation-events",
+    where: { sourceEvent: { equals: sync.id } },
+    limit: 1,
+    depth: 0,
+    overrideAccess: true,
+  });
+  expect(events.docs).toHaveLength(1);
+  opEventIds.push(events.docs[0].id);
+
+  const effects = await payload.find({
+    collection: "operation-effects",
+    where: { operationEvent: { equals: events.docs[0].id } },
+    limit: 1,
+    depth: 0,
+    overrideAccess: true,
+  });
+  expect(effects.docs).toHaveLength(1);
+  const effect = effects.docs[0] as { id: number; status: string };
+  opEffectIds.push(effect.id);
+  expect(effect.status).toBe("applied");
+  return { effectId: effect.id, eventId: sync.eventId as string };
+}
+
+/** Create an applied extraction effect for adapter-level tests. The afterChange
+ *  hook already consumes every raw sync event (unique sourceEvent), so instead
+ *  of creating a second operation-event, the hook-derived effect row is
+ *  repurposed with an extraction type and manifest. */
+async function manualExtractionEffect(label: string, resourceId: number, amount: number): Promise<number> {
+  const sync = await payload.create({
+    collection: "arma-sync-events",
+    data: {
+      eventId: `${RUN}-${label}`,
+      server: serverId,
+      type: "operation.start",
+      occurredAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+      payload: { operationId: RUN, version: 1 },
+    },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  syncEventIds.push(sync.id);
+
+  const events = await payload.find({
+    collection: "operation-events",
+    where: { sourceEvent: { equals: sync.id } },
+    limit: 1,
+    depth: 0,
+    overrideAccess: true,
+  });
+  expect(events.docs).toHaveLength(1);
+  opEventIds.push(events.docs[0].id);
+
+  const effects = await payload.find({
+    collection: "operation-effects",
+    where: { operationEvent: { equals: events.docs[0].id } },
+    limit: 1,
+    depth: 0,
+    overrideAccess: true,
+  });
+  expect(effects.docs).toHaveLength(1);
+  const effect = effects.docs[0] as { id: number };
+  opEffectIds.push(effect.id);
+
+  const updated = await payload.update({
+    collection: "operation-effects",
+    id: effect.id,
+    data: {
+      effectType: "operation.extraction-recorded",
+      payload: {
+        operationId: RUN,
+        kind: "logistics",
+        hqStructureId: hqId,
+        actorId,
+        items: [{ resourceId, amount }],
+      },
+      status: "applied",
+      appliedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+    },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  return updated.id;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Setup / teardown
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+beforeAll(async () => {
+  const payloadConfig = await config;
+  payload = await getPayload({ config: payloadConfig });
+
+  const server = await payload.create({
+    collection: "game-servers",
+    data: { serverId: `${RUN}-srv`, name: `${RUN} Server`, status: "online" },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  serverId = server.id;
+
+  for (const label of ["actor", "seller", "buyer"] as const) {
+    const user = await payload.create({
+      collection: "users",
+      data: {
+        username: `${RUN}-${label}`,
+        discordUsername: `${RUN}-${label}-discord`,
+        displayName: `${RUN} ${label}`,
+        steamId: `${RUN}-steam-${label}`,
+        password: "Test1234",
+      },
+      overrideAccess: true,
+      depth: 0,
+    });
+    userIds.push(user.id);
+    if (label === "actor") actorId = user.id;
+    if (label === "seller") sellerId = user.id;
+    if (label === "buyer") buyerId = user.id;
+  }
+
+  const map = await payload.create({
+    collection: "maps",
+    data: { name: `${RUN} Map`, worldSizeWidth: 8192, worldSizeHeight: 8192, basemapMode: "image" },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  mapId = map.id;
+
+  for (const [label, setter] of [
+    ["alpha", (id: number) => (resourceAlphaId = id)],
+    ["beta", (id: number) => (resourceBetaId = id)],
+  ] as const) {
+    const resource = await payload.create({
+      collection: "resources",
+      data: {
+        name: `${RUN} ${label}`,
+        codeName: `${RUN}-${label}`,
+        approvalStatus: "in_progress",
+        type: "physical",
+        baseValue: 1,
+        rarity: "common",
+        unitOfMeasure: "kg",
+        massPerUnit: 1,
+        gridWidth: 1,
+        gridHeight: 1,
+      },
+      overrideAccess: true,
+      depth: 0,
+    });
+    resourceIds.push(resource.id);
+    setter(resource.id);
+  }
+
+  const tradeableAsset = await payload.create({
+    collection: "assets",
+    data: {
+      name: `${RUN} Tradeable Rifle`,
+      className: `${RUN}_tradeable_rifle`,
+      assetType: "weapon",
+      approvalStatus: "in_progress",
+      tradeable: true,
+      isLive: true,
+      crafting: { craftable: false, craftingData: { craftingTimePerUnit: 1, batchSize: 1 } },
+      storageDimensions: { gridWidth: 1, gridHeight: 1, stackable: false },
+    },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  assetIds.push(tradeableAsset.id);
+  tradeableAssetId = tradeableAsset.id;
+
+  const fillerAsset = await payload.create({
+    collection: "assets",
+    data: {
+      name: `${RUN} Filler Rifle`,
+      className: `${RUN}_filler_rifle`,
+      assetType: "weapon",
+      approvalStatus: "in_progress",
+      crafting: { craftable: false, craftingData: { craftingTimePerUnit: 1, batchSize: 1 } },
+      storageDimensions: { gridWidth: 1, gridHeight: 1, stackable: false },
+    },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  assetIds.push(fillerAsset.id);
+  fillerAssetId = fillerAsset.id;
+
+  const blueprint = await payload.create({
+    collection: "structures",
+    data: {
+      name: `${RUN} HQ Depot`,
+      codeName: `${RUN}-hq-depot`,
+      approvalStatus: "in_progress",
+      description: LEXICAL_EMPTY as unknown as Structure["description"],
+      category: "logistics",
+      materials: [{ resource: resourceAlphaId, amount: 1 }],
+      constructionDurationMinutes: 1,
+      terrainType: "land",
+      maxHealth: 100,
+    },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  blueprintIds.push(blueprint.id);
+
+  const hq = await payload.create({
+    collection: "game-structures",
+    data: {
+      name: `${RUN} HQ`,
+      type: blueprint.id,
+      map: mapId,
+      coordinates: [100, 100],
+      constructionStatus: "complete",
+    },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+  gameStructureIds.push(hq.id);
+  hqId = hq.id;
+});
+
+afterAll(async () => {
+  if (!payload) return;
+  for (const id of listingIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "market-listings", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  for (const id of marketStateIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "market-state", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  for (const id of opEffectIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "operation-effects", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  for (const id of opEventIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "operation-events", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  for (const id of syncEventIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "arma-sync-events", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  for (const id of lockerIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "locker-storages", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  const deleteAccountChain = async (accountId: number) => {
+    const txns = await payload.find({
+      collection: "bank-transactions",
+      where: { or: [{ fromAccount: { equals: accountId } }, { toAccount: { equals: accountId } }] },
+      limit: 100,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    });
+    for (const txn of txns.docs) {
+      await payload.delete({ collection: "bank-transactions", id: txn.id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+    }
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "bank-accounts", id: accountId, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  };
+  for (const id of accountIds) await deleteAccountChain(id);
+  for (const id of gameStructureIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "game-structures", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  for (const id of blueprintIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "structures", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  for (const id of assetIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "assets", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  for (const id of resourceIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "resources", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  for (const id of userIds) {
+    await payload.delete({ collection: "users", id, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  await payload.delete({ collection: "maps", id: mapId, overrideAccess: true }).catch(() => {});
+});
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Tests
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+describe("Operation economy adapter", () => {
+  it("feeds a logistics extraction into the resource market supply exactly once", async () => {
+    await makeMarketState("resource", resourceAlphaId);
+    const before = (await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)) as number;
+
+    const { effectId } = await hookExtraction("logi", {
+      kind: "logistics",
+      hqStructureId: hqId,
+      actorId,
+      items: [{ resourceId: resourceAlphaId, amount: 5 }],
+    });
+
+    const result = await applyEconomyEffect(payload, effectId);
+    const record = economyRecordFrom(result as { reconciliationNotes: string | null });
+    expect(record).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(record?.applied).toEqual([
+      { itemType: "resource", itemId: resourceAlphaId, supply: 5 },
+    ]);
+    expect(record?.rejected).toEqual([]);
+    expect(await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)).toBe(before + 5);
+  });
+
+  it("is a no-op when the same effect is applied twice", async () => {
+    const effectId = await manualExtractionEffect("dup", resourceAlphaId, 5);
+    const before = (await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)) as number;
+
+    await applyEconomyEffect(payload, effectId);
+    const afterFirst = (await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)) as number;
+
+    const second = await applyEconomyEffect(payload, effectId);
+    expect(await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)).toBe(afterFirst);
+    expect(await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)).toBe(before + 5);
+    // The marker is present exactly once: the retry did not append a second record.
+    expect((second as { reconciliationNotes: string }).reconciliationNotes.split(ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX).length - 1).toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  it("records player extractions as provenance without touching the market", async () => {
+    await makeMarketState("asset", tradeableAssetId);
+    const before = (await supplyOf("asset", tradeableAssetId)) as number;
+
+    const { effectId } = await hookExtraction("player", {
+      kind: "player",
+      actorId: buyerId,
+      items: [{ assetId: tradeableAssetId, quantity: 2 }],
+    });
+
+    const result = await applyEconomyEffect(payload, effectId);
+    const record = economyRecordFrom(result as { reconciliationNotes: string | null });
+    expect(record?.applied).toEqual([]);
+    expect(record?.provenance).toEqual([{ itemType: "asset", itemId: tradeableAssetId }]);
+    expect(await supplyOf("asset", tradeableAssetId)).toBe(before);
+  });
+
+  it("drains the market supply for inventory losses", async () => {
+    await makeMarketState("asset", tradeableAssetId);
+    const before = (await supplyOf("asset", tradeableAssetId)) as number;
+
+    const sync = await payload.create({
+      collection: "arma-sync-events",
+      data: {
+        eventId: `${RUN}-loss`,
+        server: serverId,
+        type: "operation.inventory",
+        occurredAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+        payload: { operationId: RUN, version: 1, reason: "loss", items: [{ assetId: tradeableAssetId, quantity: 3 }] },
+      },
+      overrideAccess: true,
+      depth: 0,
+    });
+    syncEventIds.push(sync.id);
+
+    const events = await payload.find({
+      collection: "operation-events",
+      where: { sourceEvent: { equals: sync.id } },
+      limit: 1,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    });
+    opEventIds.push(events.docs[0].id);
+    const effects = await payload.find({
+      collection: "operation-effects",
+      where: { operationEvent: { equals: events.docs[0].id } },
+      limit: 1,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    });
+    opEffectIds.push(effects.docs[0].id);
+    const effectId = effects.docs[0].id;
+
+    const result = await applyEconomyEffect(payload, effectId);
+    const record = economyRecordFrom(result as { reconciliationNotes: string | null });
+    expect(record?.applied).toEqual([
+      { itemType: "asset", itemId: tradeableAssetId, supply: -3 },
+    ]);
+    expect(await supplyOf("asset", tradeableAssetId)).toBe(before - 3);
+  });
+
+  it("caps excess supply and records the rejected remainder", async () => {
+    const effectId = await manualExtractionEffect("cap", resourceAlphaId, 5000);
+    const before = (await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)) as number;
+
+    const result = await applyEconomyEffect(payload, effectId, { faucetCapPerItem: 100 });
+    const record = economyRecordFrom(result as { reconciliationNotes: string | null });
+    expect(record?.applied).toEqual([
+      { itemType: "resource", itemId: resourceAlphaId, supply: 100 },
+    ]);
+    expect(record?.rejected).toEqual([
+      { itemType: "resource", itemId: resourceAlphaId, supply: 4900 },
+    ]);
+    expect(await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)).toBe(before + 100);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps items without a market-state ledger provenance-eligible only", async () => {
+    const effectId = await manualExtractionEffect("nol", resourceBetaId, 7);
+
+    const result = await applyEconomyEffect(payload, effectId);
+    const record = economyRecordFrom(result as { reconciliationNotes: string | null });
+    expect(record?.applied).toEqual([]);
+    expect(record?.provenance).toEqual([{ itemType: "resource", itemId: resourceBetaId }]);
+
+    const docs = await payload.find({
+      collection: "market-state",
+      where: { itemId: { equals: resourceBetaId } },
+      limit: 1,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    });
+    expect(docs.docs).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a purchase into a full locker before any payment moves", async () => {
+  const listing = await payload.create({
+    collection: "market-listings",
+    data: {
+      asset: tradeableAssetId,
+      seller: sellerId,
+      quantity: 2,
+      price: 100,
+      status: "active",
+      listedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+    },
+    overrideAccess: true,
+    depth: 0,
+  });
+    listingIds.push(listing.id);
+
+    const buyerAccount = await ensurePersonalAccount(payload, buyerId);
+    accountIds.push(buyerAccount.id);
+    await applyTransaction(payload, {
+      type: "deposit",
+      toAccountId: buyerAccount.id,
+      amount: 10000,
+      memo: `${RUN} buyer funding`,
+    });
+
+    const buyerAccountAfterFunding = (await payload.findByID({
+      collection: "bank-accounts",
+      id: buyerAccount.id,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    })) as { balance: number };
+    expect(buyerAccountAfterFunding.balance).toBe(10000);
+
+    const buyerLocker = await ensureLockerStorage(payload, buyerId);
+    lockerIds.push(buyerLocker.id);
+    const grid = await payload.findByID({
+      collection: "locker-storages",
+      id: buyerLocker.id,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    });
+    const entries = Array.from({ length: 60 }, (_, i) => ({
+      asset: fillerAssetId,
+      quantity: 1,
+      gridX: i % 10,
+      gridY: Math.floor(i / 10),
+      rotated: false,
+    }));
+    await payload.update({
+      collection: "locker-storages",
+      id: buyerLocker.id,
+      data: { items: entries },
+      overrideAccess: true,
+      depth: 0,
+    });
+    expect((grid as unknown as LockerStorage).items).toBeDefined();
+
+    const buyerUser = (await payload.findByID({
+      collection: "users",
+      id: buyerId,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    })) as { username: string };
+
+    await expect(
+      (async () => {
+        const { buyListing } = await import("@/lib/market");
+        const listingDoc = (await payload.findByID({
+          collection: "market-listings",
+          id: listing.id,
+          depth: 1,
+          overrideAccess: true,
+        })) as unknown as MarketListing;
+        const buyerDoc = (await payload.findByID({
+          collection: "users",
+          id: buyerId,
+          depth: 0,
+          overrideAccess: true,
+        })) as never;
+        await buyListing(payload, listingDoc, buyerDoc, { quantity: 1 });
+      })(),
+    ).rejects.toThrow();
+
+    const after = (await payload.findByID({
+      collection: "bank-accounts",
+      id: buyerAccount.id,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    })) as { balance: number };
+    expect(after.balance).toBe(10000);
+
+    const stillActive = (await payload.findByID({
+      collection: "market-listings",
+      id: listing.id,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    })) as { status: string };
+    expect(stillActive.status).toBe("active");
+    expect(buyerUser.username).toContain(RUN);
+    expect((await payload.findByID({ collection: "game-structures", id: hqId, depth: 0, overrideAccess: true })) as GameStructure).toBeDefined();
+  });
+
+  it("rebuilds market baselines on reset while operation provenance survives", async () => {
+    const before = (await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)) as number;
+    const result = await resetMarketStateDocs(payload, {
+      items: [{ itemType: "resource", itemId: resourceAlphaId }],
+    });
+    expect(result.reset).toBe(1);
+
+    const after = (await supplyOf("resource", resourceAlphaId)) as number;
+    expect(after).toBe(100);
+    expect(before).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(100);
+
+    const effects = await payload.find({
+      collection: "operation-effects",
+      where: { operationId: { equals: RUN } },
+      limit: 10,
+      depth: 0,
+      overrideAccess: true,
+    });
+    expect(effects.docs.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    const withNote = effects.docs.filter((d) =>
+      ((d as { reconciliationNotes: string | null }).reconciliationNotes ?? "").includes(ECONOMY_NOTE_PREFIX),
+    );
+    expect(withNote.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+  });
+
+  it("exposes the default caps constant for surfaces", () => {
+    expect(DEFAULT_ECONOMY_CAPS.faucetCapPerItem).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    expect(DEFAULT_ECONOMY_CAPS.drainCapPerItem).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+  });
+});